Which question is important to ask a client who sustained a puncture wound to determine the need for a tetanus vaccine?

The emphasis on asking whether the nail was rusty is crucial in assessing the potential risk of tetanus infection. Tetanus is caused by the bacterium Clostridium tetani, which is commonly found in soil, dust, and animal feces, and can enter the body through puncture wounds. A rusty nail could indicate the presence of such bacteria, raising the likelihood of tetanus exposure, especially if the nail has been contaminated with dirt or other organic matter.

When determining the need for a tetanus booster, the interval since the last vaccination is also considered, typically looking at the last booster received, which is usually effective for ten years. If the puncture is caused by a rusty object, it could warrant considering a booster even if the last one was received within that timeframe, depending on the specific characteristics of the wound.

Other inquiries, such as the level of pain, previous injuries, or allergies, while relevant to the overall clinical assessment and management of the client’s condition, do not provide direct insight into the risk of tetanus that is essential for decision-making regarding vaccination needs.