What are biofilms in the context of wound healing?

Biofilms refer to aggregates of bacteria that adhere to surfaces and form a protective matrix, particularly in the context of wounds. When bacteria form a biofilm, they encase themselves in a self-produced polymeric substance that acts as a barrier. This structure not only shields the bacteria from the host's immune response but also makes it significantly more difficult for antibiotics and other treatments to penetrate and eliminate the bacteria.

In wound healing, the presence of biofilms can lead to chronic inflammation and impaired healing because they can persist in the wound environment, causing continuous infection and delaying the normal healing process. This is particularly critical to understand because managing biofilms effectively is crucial in clinical settings to promote successful wound healing outcomes.

Understanding the nature of biofilms helps healthcare providers select appropriate interventions to break down these protective barriers and restore the healing process.